Cultural calendar

Coptic Calendar 2026 (1742–1743 AM)

The Coptic calendar is used liturgically by the Coptic Orthodox Church of Egypt. Year numbering starts at the Diocletian persecution of 284 CE (Anno Martyrum), so 2026 CE corresponds to 1742–1743 AM.

Major Coptic feasts in 2026

FeastCoptic dateGregorian (2026)
Coptic Christmas (Nativity)29 Kiahk 1742Jan 7, 2026
Theophany (Epiphany)11 Tobi 1742Jan 19, 2026
Annunciation29 Baramhat 1742Apr 7, 2026
Coptic Easter (Pascha)movableApr 12, 2026
Ascension40 days post-EasterMay 21, 2026
Pentecost50 days post-EasterMay 31, 2026
Apostles' Fast ends (Sts Peter & Paul)5 AbibJul 12, 2026
Feast of the Transfiguration13 MesoriAug 19, 2026
Feast of the Cross17 TutSep 27, 2026
Coptic New Year (Nayrouz)1 Tut 1743Sep 11, 2026

The structure of the Coptic year

The Coptic calendar has 13 months: twelve of 30 days plus a 5- or 6-day "small month" (Pi Kogi Enavot) at the end. The year starts in Tut (September 11 in normal years, September 12 before a leap year). Leap years occur every 4 years, aligned with the Julian calendar (one year before each Gregorian leap year).

The Coptic fasting calendar

Coptic Orthodoxy is one of the most fasting-heavy Christian traditions — roughly 210 days of fasting per year. Major periods:

  • Great Lent — 55 days before Pascha (Feb 16 – Apr 11, 2026).
  • Apostles' Fast — variable length, ending June 28 / July 12, 2026.
  • Theotokos Fast — Aug 7–21, 2026.
  • Nativity Fast (Advent) — 43 days before Coptic Christmas (Nov 25 – Jan 6, 2026).
  • Weekly Wednesday & Friday fasts year-round (except festal seasons).

Anno Martyrum — the "Year of the Martyrs"

The Coptic calendar starts counting from August 29, 284 CE — the year Diocletian became Roman emperor and began his persecution of Christians. The Coptic Church renamed this era to honor martyrs killed during that persecution rather than the emperor himself.

Frequently asked questions

Is Coptic Christmas always January 7?
Yes in the modern Gregorian-Julian gap (currently 13 days). The actual Coptic date is 29 Kiahk — the Julian December 25 — which falls on January 7 by Gregorian reckoning until the year 2100, when it shifts to January 8.
How is Coptic Easter calculated?
Using the Julian-calendar Paschal computation, which differs from Western Easter. Coptic Pascha is 1, 4, or 5 weeks after Western Easter depending on the year. In 2026, both fall on April 5 (Western) / April 12 (Coptic).
Do Copts use this calendar daily?
For liturgical and religious purposes — yes. Civil life in Egypt uses the Gregorian calendar.